Medical guidelines for the prophylactic use of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) to prevent febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients starting chemotherapy are frequently not followed. Researchers from the SWOG Cancer Research Network, a clinical trials group funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), tested whether incorporating guideline recommendations as standing physician orders embedded in electronic medical records systems could improve prescribing practice for CSFs and thus lower the incidence of FN.