Neurexin, associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, is an essential molecule for the survival of nerve cells called cerebellar granule cells in the cerebellum. A new study revealed that neurexin regulates the survival of cerebellar granule cells independently of synapses, which connect nerve cells. Neurexin organizes the autocrine secretary machinery of neurotrophin essential for cerebellar granule cell survival and this study elucidated the mechanism of neural circuit formation for future research related to neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.